Identification of sex pheromones of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) populations from the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

In Brazil, four populations of Lutzomyia longipalpis each producing different sex pheromones are recognised. It has been suggested that these chemotype populations represent true sibling species. In this study we present the results of an analysis, by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, of the pheromones of males L. longipalpis from two different municipalities of the state of São Paulo. Our study showed that L. longipalpis from these two municipalities produced different sex pheromones from each other. This coupled with the remarkable difference between the epidemiological situation in Araçatuba and Espírito Santo do Pinhal, suggests that the (S)-9-methylgermacrene-B and cembrene-1 populations may have different vectorial capacities.

Identification of sex pheromones of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) populations from the state of São Paulo, Brazil

In Brazil, four populations of Lutzomyia longipalpis each producing different sex pheromones are recognised. It has been suggested that these chemotype populations represent true sibling species. In this study we present the results of an analysis, by coupled gas cromotography - mass spectrometry, of the pheromones of males L. longipalpis from two different municipalities of the state of São Paulo. Our study showed that L. longipalpis from these two municipalities produced different sex pheromones from each other. This coupled with the remarkable difference between the epidemiological situation in Araçatuba and Espírito Santo do Pinhal, suggests that the (S)-9-methylgermacrene-B and cembrene-1 populations may have different vectorial capacities.

Dispersal pattern of the sand fly Lutzomyia neivai (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic rural area in Southeastern Brazil

The dispersal pattern of the sand fly Lutzomyia neivai was studied through mark-release-recapture experiments in an American cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic rural area in Southeastern Brazil. Over 6500 specimens were marked with fluorescent powder and released in forest edge and peridomicile habitats from August to November 1999, February and April 2000. Recapture attempts were made using Shannon and CDC traps up to eight successive nights after releases. A total of 493 (7.58 percent) specimens were recaptured. The number of recaptured males and females of L. neivai in CDC traps was not affected by the distance between the trap and the release points. Approximately 90 percent of males and females recaptured in CDC traps were caught up to 70 m from the release points. The maximum female flight range recorded was 128 m. The average flight range per day was less than 60 m for males and females. Of the flies released in forest edge, approximately 16 percent of the recaptured females were caught in Shannon traps in the peridomicile habitat. The results indicate that the movements of L. neivai are spatially focal and the possibility of dispersion from forest to peridomicile habitat may be an important way of contracting leishmaniasis in dwellings.

Dispersal pattern of the sand fly Lutzomyia neivai (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic rural area in Southeastern Brazil.

The dispersal pattern of the sand fly Lutzomyia neivai was studied through mark-release-recapture experiments in an American cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic rural area in Southeastern Brazil. Over 6500 specimens were marked with fluorescent powder and released in forest edge and peridomicile habitats from August to November 1999, February and April 2000. Recapture attempts were made using Shannon and CDC traps up to eight successive nights after releases. A total of 493 (7.58%) specimens were recaptured. The number of recaptured males and females of L. neivai in CDC traps was not affected by the distance between the trap and the release points. Approximately 90% of males and females recaptured in CDC traps were caught up to 70 m from the release points. The maximum female flight range recorded was 128 m. The average flight range per day was less than 60 m for males and females. Of the flies released in forest edge, approximately 16% of the recaptured females were caught in Shannon traps in the peridomicile habitat. The results indicate that the movements of L. neivai are spatially focal and the possibility of dispersion from forest to peridomicile habitat may be an important way of contracting leishmaniasis in dwellings.

Dispersal pattern of the sand fly Lutzomyia neivai (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic rural area in Southeastern Brazil

Mark-release-recapture experiments were performed from August-November/99, February an March/00. The sand flies collected in Shannon traps were marked with data-and site-specific fluorescent powders (Bioquip Products) Inc.-red, yellowm blue and withe) and released in forest border and peridomicile habitats. Atempts to recapture were made with 6 Shannon and 16-20 CDC traps positioned until 200 m from the release points, until 8 nigths after release. All collections were examined in the laboratory under an ultra-violet lamp for fluorescence, and then sorted to especies and sex. The mean distance dispersed per day was calculated for males and females recaptured at 16 CDC traps adjusted for the area sampled.

Avaliaçäo de açöes municipais de combate a vetores da dengue na regiäo de Säo José do Rio Preto, Säo Paulo, 1989 a 1995 / Municipal activities against dengue vectors: a survey in the region of Säo José do Rio Preto, Säo Paulo, 1989-1995

O objetivo do trabalho é medir as coberturas das atividades municipais de controle de Aedes aegypti e/ou Aedes albopictus, o casa-casa e o arrastäo, realizadas entre 1989 e 1995 na regiäo de Säo José do Rio Preto, Säo Paulo e avaliar a correlaçäo cruzada entre elas e os Indices de Breteau (IB). Para os municípios com até 50.000 imóveis as coberturas conjuntas das atividades casa-casa e arrastäo foram em sua maioria adequadas e as coberturas do casa-casa apresentaram correlaçäo cruzada negativa com os IB. Para município sede (maior que 50.000 imóveis) essas coberturas näo apresentaram correlaçäo com os IB. Em geral as coberturas foram inversamente proporcionais ao tamanho dos municípios. Para todas as faixas de tamanho de municípios, os arrastöes näo apresentaram correlaçäo com os IB, mostrando-se ineficazes

Descriçäo da colonizaçäo de Aedes albopictus (Diptera: culicidae) na regiäo de Säo José do Rio Preto, SP, 1991-1994 / Description of the colonization of Aedes aldopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in the region of Säo José do Rio Preto, Säo Paulo State, 1991-1994

This study aims to describe and analyze the colonization of Aedes albopictus whose presence was detected in 1991 in the area of Sào José do Rio. Preto already colonized by the Aedes aegypti. Year and month of occurrence, counties, composition and location of larval samples, kinds of containers, average number of larvae an Breteau Index bare been analyzed from the information obtained in measurements of larval density by Superintendência de Controle de Endemias (SUCEN). The presence of Aedes albopictus was ascertained in 34 towns up to December 1994. The colonization of the area by the mosquito is still reduced showing some differences in relation to Aedes aegypti such as greater ratio outdoors, occupying container in different proportions. The average number of Aedes albopictus larvae has had influence of larvae of another species. It has showed a seasonal behavior similar to Aedes aegypti and it has moved from east to west direction.

Alberprosenia malheiroi Serra, Atzingen & Serra, 1987 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae): redescriçäo e bionomia / Alberprosenia malheiroi Serra, Atzingen & Serra, 1987 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae): redescription and bionomics

Sobre Alberprosenia malheiroi n. sp. deu-se a conhecer uma diagnose resumida em 1980, porém sem valor bibliográfico. Em 1987, publicou-se a mesma diagnose anexando uma foto e alguns comentários, porém sem realizar uma descriçäo formal. Descreve-se para esta espécie, os adultos, os estádios imaturos, determina-se a série sintípica e apresenta-se dados bionômicos e de criaçäo em insetário. As diferenças mais evidentes com A. goyovargasi, a única espécie que se conhecia do gênero até entäo, säo a coloraçäo geral negra, o espaço interocular maior que o tamanho de um olho visto dorsalmente, os tubérculos do colar com o ápice agudo e o tamanho maior, na nova espécie, quase o dobro do da primeira espécie. Os ovos säo pequenos, fixados ao substrato em grupos de 3 ou 4, elipsóides, näo achatados lateralmente, com o opérculo proeminente, convexo, sem estruturas evidentes. As ninfas apresentam em todos os estádios caracteres típicos do gênero e da tribo, com regiäo anteocular menos longa que a post-ocular e característica pilosidade do tegumento que vai se acentuando a cada estádio. A. malheiroi n. sp. foi capturado em ecótopos silvestres em palmeiras em floresta no Estado do Pará, associados com morcegos ou aves. Nenhum dos exemplares estava infectado com Trypanosoma cruzi. Esses triatomíneos foram mantidos em insetários a ñ 25ºC e ñ 60 por cento UR, säo insetos ágeis e voam com relativa facilidade. Alimentaram-se bem em pombos e morcegos e näo aceitaram alimentaçäo em ratos, camundongos ou hamsters. O período de incubaçäo dos ovos foi em média 13 dias e o tempo de evoluçäo do período ninfal foi em média 132 dias

Presença de Aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) na cidade de Säo Paulo-SP, Brasil / Prevalence of Aedes (Stigomyia) albopictus (Skuse) in the city of Säo Paulo, SP, Brazil

Através de coletas mensais realizadas pela Faculdade de Saúde Pública da USP foram encontradas larvas e um exemplar adulto de Aedes albopictus